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Anna Rüling
Theodora "Theo" Anna Sprüngli (15 August 1880 – 8 May 1953), better known under the pseudonym Anna Rüling, was a German journalist whose speech in 1904 was the first political speech to address the problems faced by lesbians. One of the first modern women to come out as homosexual, she has been described as "the first known lesbian activist". == Early life and education== Rüling was born in a middle-class family in Hamburg, German Empire. Her parents were Adolf Sprüngli, a Swiss overseas businessman, and Caroline Sprüngli, née Dangers. Along with at least one sister, Rüling was raised in a "rigid atmosphere of a Hanseatic household". She attended a school for young ladies and, as deemed appropriate for a middle-class girl, received instructions in piano and music theory.〔 She finished gymnasium in Stuttgart, where she took violin lessons from Edmund Singer, and was a schoolmate of Elly Ney. She was an accomplished violinist, but had to give this up after suffering an injury to her arm rescuing a child.〔 Her career as a journalist began at the age of 17, when she started writing for ''Hamburger Fremdenblatt''. Rüling moved to Berlin, where she worked for August Scherl for some time, writing newspaper articles on music and theatre, and earning some extra money from giving private music lessons.〔
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